The ultrastructure of epidermal surface of stem internods of horsetails of subgenus Hippochaete (Equisetum, Equisetaceae)
Abstract
Ultrastructure of epidermal surface of stem internodes of 4 species and 2 interspecific hybrids of subgenus Hippochaete (Milde) Baker (Equisetum L., Equisetaceae) were studied using scanning electron microscopy: Equisetum hyemale L., E. ramosissimum Desf., E. scirpoides Michx., E. variegatum Schleich. ex F. Weber et D. Mohr, E.× moorei Newman, E. × trachyodon (A. Braun) W. D. J. Koch. Epidermal ornamentation of stem internodes in subgenus Hippochaete is fundamentally different from that in subgenus Equisetum. The most visible elements of the surface, specific for the members of subgenus Hippochaete, are the stomatal passages, surrounded by bulky thickenings formed from the fused knobs. Stomatal passages arranged allow the flanks of the furrows may be round, elliptical or almost rectangular; thickenings can be oblong, circular or horseshoe-shaped. The distinctly prominent sculptural elements of the furrow surface are knobs that may be discrete, arranged in chains or fused into irregular bars. The relatively large sculptural elements – tubercles – are situated on the ridges and mostly arranged in two longitudinal rows. The wide ridges have additional fine ribbing. In some species, the hemispherical verrucae cover on the surface of the furrows and ridges. The combination and arrangement of sculptural elements are more or less specific to the species. Features characteristic to the parental species are combined in ornamentation of the epidermal surface of stem internodes of hybrids. The detail descriptions of the sculpture of the epidermal surface of stem internodes are givenfor all studied species and hybrids.Downloads
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