About two taxa of Typha L. (Typhaceae) new to Siberian flora
Abstract
We are discussing the species and notospecies of cattails which are new to Siberia, Typha angustifolia L. (= T. elatior Boenn.) and T. × smirnovii Mavrodiev. All previous reports of T. angustifolia for Siberia are based on misidentified specimens of T. linnaei Mavrodiev et Kapitonova. Typha angustifolia was previously known in the territory of Southern Europe (including Eastern Europe) and the Caucasus. Recently, this species has intensively spread northward, mainly over anthropogenic ecotopes, and has become known in many regions of European Russia. In Siberia, it was found in the southernmost part of Tyumen Oblast, on an understudied territory within the Berdyuzhie administrative district (characterized by sandy shores and shallow waters of the Stanovoe freshwater lake in the vicinity of Berdyuzhie village). We marked the most important diagnostic traits to distinguish between this species and habitually similar taxa, particularly, T. laxmannii Lepech. Typically, T. angustifolia inhabits shallow water reservoirs, both fresh and brackish, with sandy or muddy grounds. Typha × smirnovii was found on the urbanized territory of Tyumen City, in an anthropogenically formed ecotope on a wet sand substrate. Both parental species of T. × smirnovii, T. latifolia L. and T. laxmannii, are common in Siberia. Therefore, the discovery of a hybrid between them was foreseeable. We show that the morphology of Smirnov’s cattail is intermediate between the parental taxa. The hybrid has sterile pollen grains clustered mostly in tetrads. The discovered cattails are of interest to the development of views on the present stage of the florogenesis of South-Western Siberia and also to the formation of northern migration routes of the hydrophilic species.
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