Taxonomic notes on the genus Ophrys L. (Orchidaceae) in the Crimea and the North Caucasus
Keywords:
distribution; Europe; orchids; Russian flora; synonymy; taxonomy
Abstract
The genus Ophrys L. is one of the most intricate orchid genera. This genus is well-known for its sexual deceptive pollination syndrome, and it is widely accepted that diversification of the genus resulted from adaptations to different pollinators. Despite these strict adaptations, the introgression within Ophrys is quite usual. The unusual pollination system and complex evolution of the genus may be the primary reason for the confused taxonomy and extensive debate over species richness within the genus. Modern estimation of the species richness varies from 9 macrospecies based on the results of molecular analysis to 354 microspecies based on minute morphological differences. The present paper revises the genus Ophrys within the territory of the Crimea and the North Caucasus. Five taxa are recognized: O. apifera Huds., O. mammosa Desf. subsp. mammosa (= O. caucasica subsp. cyclocheila Aver., syn.nov.), O. mammosa subsp. caucasica (Woronow ex Grossh.) Soó, O. oestrifera M. Bieb. (= O. bremifera Steven, syn. nov.; = O. oestrifera subsp. abchasica Kümpel, syn. nov.), and O. × vallis-costae Kümpel (O. apifera × O. oestrifera) (= O. × skopelii nothosubsp. markiana B. Baumann, H. Baumann, R. Lorenz et Ruedi Peter, syn. nov.). A key to the species and subspecies is provided. Ophrys × vallis-costae is reported for the Crimea for the first time.
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References
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Mant J., Peakall R., Schiestl F. P. 2005. Does selection on floral odor promote differentiation among populations and species of the sexually deceptive orchid genus Ophrys? Evolution 59(7): 1449–1463. DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01795.x
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Pedersen H. Æ., Faurholdt N. 2007. Ophrys: the bee orchids of Europe. Kew Publishing, London, 295 pp.
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Soliva M., Widmer A. 2003. Gene flow across species boundaries in sympatric, sexually deceptive Ophrys (Orchidaceae) species. Evolution 57(10): 2252–2261. DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00237.x
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Averyanova E. A. 2015. Features of biology and ecology of Ophrys oestrifera Bieb. (Orchidaceae) in Sochi Black Sea coast. In: Problems of botany of South Siberia and Mongolia: Proceedings of the 14th International Scientific and Practical Conference (Barnaul, 25–29 May 2015). Altai State University, Barnaul, 240–249 pp. [In Russian]. (Аверьянова Е. А. Особенности биологии и экологии Ophrys oestrifera Bieb. (Orchidaceae) в Сочинском Причерноморье // Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии: Сб. науч. ст. по материалам XIV междунар. науч.-практ. конф. (Барнаул, 25–29 мая 2015 г.). Барнаул: Изд-во АлтГУ, 2015. С. 240–249).
Ayasse M., Gögler J., Stökl J. 2010. Pollinator-driven speciation in sexually deceptive orchids of the genus Ophrys. In: Evolution in action. Ed. M. Glaubrecht. Springer, Berlin, 101–118 pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-12425-9_6
Bateman R. M., Bradshaw E., Devey D. S., Glover B. J., Malmgren S., Sramkó G., Thomas M. M., Rudall P. J. 2011. Species arguments: clarifying competing concepts of species delimitation in the pseudo-copulatory orchid genus Ophrys. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 165(4): 336–347. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01121.x
Bateman R. M., Sramkó G., Paun O. 2018. Integrating restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) with morphological cladistic analysis clarifies evolutionary relationships among major species groups of bee orchids. Ann. Bot. (Oxford). DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx129
Baumann B., Baumann H., Lorenz R., Peter R. 2003. Beitrage zur Orchideenflora des östlichen Transkaukasus und Talysch (Aserbaidschan). J. Eur. Orch. 35(1): 163–231.
Baumann H., Künkele S. 1982. Beiträge zur Taxonomie von Ophrys oestrifera M.-Bieb. und O. scolopax Cav. Mitteilungsbl. Arbeitskreis Heimische Orchid. Baden-Württemberg 14(2): 204–238.
Bradshaw E., Rudall P., Devey D. S., Thomas M. M., Glover B., Bateman R. M. 2010. Comparative labellum micromorphology of the sexually deceptive temperate orchid genus Ophrys: diverse epidermal cell types and multiple origins of structural colour. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 162(3): 504–540. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2010.01033.x
Breitkopf H., Onstein R. E., Cafasso D., Schlüter P. M., Cozzolino S. 2015. Multiple shifts to different pollinators fuelled rapid diversification in sexually deceptive Ophrys orchids. New Phytol. 207(2): 377–389. DOI: 10.1111/nph.13219
Brown R. 1833. On the organs and mode of fecundation in Orchideae and Asclepiaeae. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 16(3): 685–745.
Danylyk I. M., Borsukevych L. M. 2011. A new find of Ophrys apifera Huds. (Orchidaceae) in Ukraine. Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 68(1): 58–63 [In Ukrainian]. (Данилик І. М., Борсукевич Л. М. Нове місцезнаходження Ophrys apifera Huds. (Orchidaceae) в Україні // Укр. бот. журн., 2011. Т. 68, № 1. С. 58–63).
Delforge P. 2006. Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, 3rd ed. A&C Black Publishers Ltd., London, 640 pp.
Delforge P. 2016. Orchidées d’Europe, d’Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient, 4e éd. Delachaux & Nistlé, Paris, 544 pp.
Delforge P., Devillers-Terschuren J., Devillers P. 1991. Contributions taxonomiques et nomenclaturales aux Orchidées d’Europe (Orchidaceae). Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 99–101.
Devey D. S., Bateman R. M., Fay M. F., Hawkins J. A. 2008. Friends or relatives? Phylogenetics and species delimitation in the controversial European orchid genus Ophrys. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 101(3): 385–402. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcm299
Fateryga A. V., Kreutz C. A. J. 2014. Checklist of the orchids of the Crimea (Orchidaceae). J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 407–436.
Govaerts R., Bernet P., Kratochvil K., Gerlach G., Carr G., Alrich P., Pridgeon A. M., Pfahl J., Campacci M. A., Holland Baptista D., Tigges H., Shaw J., Cribb P., George A., Kreutz K., Wood J. 2005–2018. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ (Accessed 10 January 2018).
Hahn W. 2012. Auf den Spuren von Christian von Steven: Orchideen- und Bestäuberuntersuchungen im Krimgebirge 2011 und 2012. Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 29(2): 5–63.
Hollingsworth P. M., Squirrell J., Hollingsworth M. L., Richards A. J., Bateman R. M. 2006. Taxonomic complexity, conservation and recurrent origins of self-pollination in Epipactis (Orchidaceae). In: Current taxonomic research on the British and European flora. Eds. J. Bailey, R. G. Ellis. BSBI, London, 27–44 pp.
Kreutz C. A. J. 2003. Feldfuhrer der turkischen Orchideen. Eigenverlag, Landgraaf, 204 pp.
Kreutz C. A. J. 2004a. Kompendium der europäischen Orchideen / Catalogue of European Orchids. Kreutz Publishers, Landgraaf, 239 pp.
Kreutz C. A. J. 2004b. Die Orchideen von Zypern / The orchids of Cyprus. Eigenverlag, Landgraaf, 416 pp.
Kreutz C. A. J., Spencer J. 2011. In the footsteps of Renz: Orchids in Iran. J. Hardy Orch. Soc. 8(1): 12–24.
Kullenberg B. 1961. Studies in Ophrys pollination. Almqvist & Wiksells, Uppsala, 340 pp. + 51 pl.
Kümpel H. 1988. Über neue Orchideen aus dem Gebiet des Schwarzmeer-Kaukasus. Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 5(1/2): 24–37.
Mant J., Peakall R., Schiestl F. P. 2005. Does selection on floral odor promote differentiation among populations and species of the sexually deceptive orchid genus Ophrys? Evolution 59(7): 1449–1463. DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01795.x
Marschall von Bieberstein F. A. 1808. Flora taurico-caucasica exhibens stirpes phaenogamas, in Chersoneso Taurica et regionibus caucasicis sponte crescentes. Vol. 1. Typis Academicis, Kharkov, vi + 429 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.10825
Mayr E. 1974. Populyacii, vigy i evolyuciya [Populations, species, and evolution]. Mir, Moscow, 460 pp. [In Russian]. (Майр Э. Популяции, виды и эволюция. М.: Мир, 1974. 460 с.).
Nevski S. A. 1935. Orchidaceae Lindl. In: Flora URSS [Flora of USSR]. Vol. 4. Ed. V. L. Komarov. Academy of Sciences of USSR Press, Leningrad, 589–730 pp. [In Russian]. (Невский С. А. Orchidaceae Lindl. // Флора СССР / Под ред. В. Л. Комарова. Л.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1935. Т. 4. С. 589–730).
Paulus H. F. 2006. Deceived males – Pollination biology of the Mediterranean orchid genus Ophrys (Orchidaceae). J. Eur. Orch. 38(2): 303–353.
Paulus H. F. 2007. Wie Insekten-Männchen von Orchideenblüten getäuscht werden – Bestäubungstricks und Evolution in der mediterranen Ragwurzgattung Ophrys. Denisia 20: 255–294.
Paulus H. F., Gack C. 1990. Pollinators as prepollinating isolation factors: Evolution and speciation in Ophrys (Orchidaceae). Israel J. Bot. 39(1): 43–79.
Pavlenko A. V., Kovalchuk A., Kreutz C. A. J. 2015. Rediscovery of Ophrys kopetdagensis K. Pop. et Neschat. in Southwestern Kopet Dag (Turkmenistan). J. Eur. Orch. 47(2/4): 457–465.
Pedersen H. Æ., Faurholdt N. 2007. Ophrys: the bee orchids of Europe. Kew Publishing, London, 295 pp.
Rasnitsyn A. P. 1975. On species and speciation. In: Problemy evolyucii [Problems of evolution]. Vol. 4. Ed. N. N. Vorontsov. Nauka, Novosibirsk, 221–230 pp. [In Russian]. (Расницын А. П. К вопросу о виде и видообразовании // Проблемы эволюции. Т. 4. Под ред. Н. Н. Воронцова. Новосибирск: Наука, 1975. С. 221–230).
Renz J. 1928. Zur Kenntnis der griechischen Orchideen. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 225–270.
Renz J., Taubenheim G. 1984. Orchidaceae. In: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 8. Ed. P. H. Davis. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 450–552 pp.
Seregin A. P. (ed.). 2018. Moscow University Herbarium (MW). Version 1.14. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Occurrence Dataset. URL: https://doi.org/10.15468/cpnhcc (Accessed via GBIF.org 10 January 2018).
Smolyaninova L. A. 1976. Orchidaceae Juss. In: Flora partis europaeae URSS [Flora of the European part of USSR]. Vol. 2. Eds. A. A. Fedorov, T. V. Egorova. Nauka, Leningrad, 10–59 pp. [In Russian]. (Смолянинова Л. А. Orchidaceae Juss. // Флора европейской части СССР. Т. 2. Под ред. А. А. Федорова и Т. В. Егоровой. Л.: Наука, 1976. С. 10–59).
Soliva M., Widmer A. 2003. Gene flow across species boundaries in sympatric, sexually deceptive Ophrys (Orchidaceae) species. Evolution 57(10): 2252–2261. DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00237.x
Stebbins G. L., Ferlan L. 1956. Population variability, hybridization, and introgression in some species of Ophrys. Evolution 10(1): 32–46. DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1956.tb02827.x
Steven Ch. von. 1809. Decas plantarum, nondum descriptarum Iberiae et Rossiae meridionalis. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 2: 173–183 + tab. XI.
Steven Ch. von. 1857. Verzeichniss der auf der Taurischen Halbinsel wildwachsenden Pflanzen. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30, 3/4: 65–120 + tab. I.
Vakhrameeva M. G., Dlussky G. M. 1994. Flower morphology in three Campanula species as adaptation to caenotic surrounding. Zhurnal obshchey biologii [Journal of General biology] 55(3): 271–284 [In Russian]. (Вахрамеева М. Г., Длусский Г. М. Строение цветков трех видов Campanula как адаптация к ценотическому окружению // Журн. общ. биол., 1994. Т. 55, № 3. С. 271–284).
Véla E., Rebbas K., Martin R., de Premorel G., Tison J.-M. 2015. Waiting for integrative taxonomy: Morphospecies as an operational proxy for the radiative and reticulate genus Ophrys L. (Orchidaceae)? Eur. J. Environm. Sci. 5(2): 153–157. DOI: 10.14712/23361964.2015.89
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Published
2018-12-11
How to Cite
Fateryga A., Efimov P., Fateryga V. Taxonomic notes on the genus Ophrys L. (Orchidaceae) in the Crimea and the North Caucasus // Turczaninowia, 2018. Vol. 21, № 4. P. 9-18 DOI: 10.14258/turczaninowia.21.4.2. URL: http://turczaninowia.asu.ru/article/view/4764.
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