Chromosome numbers in some alien plant species of Novosibirsk Region (Novosibirsk city): post I

Chromosome numbers (2n) for 14 alien species (Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Commelinaceae, Fabaceae, Onagraceae, Poaceae) from the Novosibirsk city (Akademgorodok) are represented. For the first time the chromosome number is counted for Silphiodaucus hispidus (M. Bieb.) Spalik, Wojew., Banasiak, Piwczyński et Reduron (2n = 22) in Russia; for Cardamine flexuosa With. (2n = 32), Commelina communis L. (2n ≈ 48), Astragalus falcatus Lam. (2n = 16), Lathyrus sylvestris L. (2n = 14), Oenothera rubricaulis Klebahn, (2n = 14) in Siberia; for Raphanus raphanistrum L. (2n = 18) in West Siberia; for Centaurea jacea L. (2n = 44), Erigeron canadensis L. (2n = 18), Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. (2n = 18), Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. (2n = 14), Lolium multiflorum Lam. (2n = 14) in Novosibirsk Region. All species are provided with the brief information on their general spreading and distribution in Novosibirsk Region, as well as literature data on chromosome numbers.

Studying the polyploidy phenomenon, which existence supposed to contribute the species viability by some authors (Breslavets, 1963;Stebbins, 1985;Probatova, 2003;Soltis et al., 2010), we start investigating the chromosome numbers of alien flora species in Novosibirsk Region. The first communication represents data on 14 species (Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chromosome numbers in alien plants of Novosibirsk Region Commelinaceae, Fabaceae, Onagraceae, Poaceae), seven of them are active either at the whole territory of the Novosibirsk Region, or in only single habitats newly discovered recently.
We collected the seeds and herbarium material in situ from Akademgorodok (Novosibirsk city, Sovetsky district). The chromosome numbers were determined according to the standard approach: the karyological analysis was made on root meristem squash preparations from seedlings. Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes on wet sterile sand at 27 °С and light regime providing of 16 hours of daylight and eight hours of darkness. The germs were treated in 0.2 % colchicine for two hours and then fixed in a mixture of ethanol acetic acid (3 : 1). The chromosomes were stained with acetohaematoxylin according to Smirnov (1968 1A).
Distribution: Caucasus, Asia Minor, southern regions of East Europe, from it is spread to central parts of European Russia. In Siberia it's known only in Novosibirsk Region, here it was first discovered in (Zykova et al., 2014a. In the revealed habitats it's active, expands the area of populations. The same number is indicated for the Ukraine and Turkey (Rice et al., 2015). We give the first data on chromosome number for Russia. Diploid (2x), x = 11. Distribution: European-Mediterranean species with Holarctic secondary distribution. The first finding in Novosibirsk Region was recorded in 1970s (Zykova, 2016); by now, the species has spread widely throughout the region (Zykova, 2019). It is included in the Black Book of Siberia (Zykova, 2016) and in the list of invasive and potentially invasive species (Ebel et al., 2014). The same chromosome number was reported first for Siberia on specimens of the Republic of Altai (Zykova et al., 2018). Only tetraploid strain is known for Russia (Tonyan, 1968;Probatova et al., 2008). We give the first data on chromosome number for Novosibirsk Region.
Distribution: European species was settled to Eurasia; marked in most parts of Novosibirsk Region (Zykova, 2019). The same number was determined first for Siberia at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden surroundings by T. Rostovtseva (1983). Diploid and tetraploid strain were identified first for the Republic of Altai (An'kova, Zykova, 2017).
Diploid (2x), x = 9. Variable ploidy. Distribution: North American native species, as invasive one is cosmopolite. It is known in the Novosibirsk Region since 1932 (Antipova, 2016), now is common in the region (Zykova, 2019). It is included in the Black Book of Siberian flora (Antipova, 2016) and in the list of invasive and potentially invasive species (Ebel et al., 2014). The same chromosome number was reported for Siberia on specimens from Republic of Buryatia, Irkutsk Region (Chepinoga, 2014), Kurgan Region (Krasnikov, Korolyuk, 1995) and Republic of Altai (Lomonosova et al., 2018). Tetra-and hexaploid chromosomal strains of this species are observed in Portugal, India and Canada (Rice et al., 2015). We give the first data on chromosome number for Novosibirsk Region.
Distribution: Eurasian species. In Novosibirsk Region it is known only from Novosibirsk city (Zykova et al., 2014b;Zykova, 2019). It was determined for the first time for West Siberia on Republic of Altai: 2n = 18 and 2n = 32 (An'kova, Zykova, 2017). Diploid and tetraploid strains are noted for East Siberia (Rice et al., 2015). We give the first data on chromosome number for Novosibirsk Region.

Distribution: European-Mediterranean species.
In Siberia it is known only in Novosibirsk Region; it was discovered in Novosibirsk city in 2010 (Shaulo, Zykova, 2013). We give the first data on chromosome number for Siberia.
Distribution: Eurasian weed. It's common in all areas of Novosibirsk Region (Zykova, 2019). The same chromosome number is given for East Siberia (Probatova et al., 2012). We give the first data on chromosome number for West Siberia.
Distribution: European-Mediterranean-Asia minor species, settled in the world temperate zone. In the Novosibirsk Region is quite rare (Efremov, 2016;Zykova, 2019). It is included in the Black Book of Siberian flora (Efremov, 2016) and in the list of invasive and potentially invasive species of Siberia (Ebel et al., 2014).
The same chromosome number was determined for the first time for Russia on the Republic of Altai (Zykova et al., 2018). We give the first data on chromosome number for Novosibirsk Region.
Distribution: Far Eastern species with the secondary Holarctic range; rare in Siberia. In Novosibirsk Region it was discovered in 2017 in Novosibirsk city (Zykova, Shemetova, 2018).
For the first time in Russia, the number of chromosomes 2n ≈ 48 was determined in Primorye Territory (Probatova, Sokolovskaya, 1986). The chromosome number varies within one individual. We give the first data on chromosome number for Siberia. Mixoploid.
Distribution: The natural range covers Europe, the Caucasus, Asia Minor. It was withdrawal of culture noted in Novosibirsk Region in 2017 (Zykova, Shemetova, 2018).
In Russia, the same number is specified for the North Caucasus (Stavropol Territory) (Magulaev, 1980). We give the first data on chromosome number for Siberia.
Distribution: The natural range covers Europe, the Caucasus, the Mediterranean and Asia Minor. It is rare in Siberia, in Novosibirsk Region since 2000; it was found in Iskitim, Novosibirsk districts and Novosibirsk city (Shaulo, Zykova, 2013;Zykova et al., 2014a).
In Russia, the same chromosome number is known only in Ossetia (Efimov, 2005). We give the first data on chromosome number for Siberia.
Distribution: North American species. It is recently in Siberia compared with other genus species. In Novosibirsk Region it was found in 2012 in Novosibirsk city (Ebel et al., 2015). It's marked in the list of invasive and potentially invasive species in Siberia (Ebel et al., 2014).
The same chromosome number is known for the Far East and North Caucasus (Rice et al., 2015). We give the first data on chromosome number for Siberia.
Distribution: Eurasian species. It is known in Novosibirsk Region since 1990 (Nikiforova, 1990), found in Novosibirsk city, where the species is currently rather active.
In Siberia 2n = 14 is defined for Irkutsk Region (Chepinoga et al., 2012) and the Republic of Altai (Lomonosova et al., 2018). We give the first data on chromosome number for Novosibirsk Region.