Lichen genus Micarea Fr. In Asian part of Russia. Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and Trans-Baikal Territory

Fourteen species of Micarea Fr. were found in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and nothern part of TransBaikal Territory. M. prasina and M. denigrata groups were identified by studiyng the lichen substances using standard technique of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) in solvent systems A and B. M. tomentosa Czarnota et Coppins is new to Eastern Siberia and M. incrassata Hedl. – to South Siberia. M. hedlundii Coppins, M. lignaria (Ach.) Hedl., M. tomentosa and M. incrassata are reported for the first time from Trans-Baikal Territory and M. elachista (Körb.) Coppins et R. Sant. – from Sakha Republic (Yakutia). M. cinerea (Schaer.) Hedl. and M. cf. pseudomarginata Coppins are given only according to literature data, because the original materials were unavailable to find or examined. Distribution in the territory of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and Trans-Baikal Territory has been clarified for most of the listed species. Identification key, notes with diagnostic features and distribution data with maps for each species are provided. According to the results of our studies Asian part of Russia is much richer with lichens of the genus Micarea than it was previously known. Samples were deposited in the herbaria of Helsinki (H), the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE) and the Altai State University (ALTB).


Introduction
The Trans-Baikal Territory and Sakha Republic (Yakutia) occupy a large part of North-Eastern Siberia and located within arctic, subarctic and temperate zones. The climate of both regions is sharply continental. The amplitude of absolute temperatures in places is 100-105 ˚С, while absolute minimal temperature is -65 ˚С, and absolute maximal temperature is +40 ˚C. North-Eastern Siberia has a very diverse landscape. Mountain ranges, plateaus and lowlands are located within it (Gvozdetskiy, Mikhaylov, 1963).
The genus Micarea Fr. includes lichens with crustose warted-areolate or immersed, effuse, of ± spherical granules (goniocysts) thallus, a predominantly "micareoid" photobiont, very small apothecia, with or without an exciple. Asci defined by an apical stucture in K/I with blue outer layer and apical dome and unstained wall; the apical dome with an apical cushion that in some species is surrounded by a faint to distinct dark cylindrical 'tube-structure'. Spores are simple or transversely septated, asci 8-spored . Currently, more than 100 species of Micarea occupaying different substrates are distributed throughout the world Smith et al., 2009). Thirty four species of Micarea are known for Russia, of which only 21 species are reported for Asian part; most Asian species from only 1-2 localities. For the Trans-Baikal Territory two species were known to date (Makryi, 2002;Makryi, Lishtva, 2005), and seven for the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) (Gorodkov, 1956;Afonina et al, 1979;1980;Andreev, 1983;Makarova, Perfileva, 1985;Makarova et al., 1988;Makarova, 1989Makarova, , 1998Poryadina, 1999Poryadina, , 2001Poryadina, , 2005Poryadina, , 2006Zhurbenko et al., 2005;Vershinina et al., 2015). Until now Europe was considered as the center of Micarea diversity because the most significant studies of this genus were devoted to this part of the world etc.). Asia was omitted to date.

Material and methods
About 80 specimens of Micarea were collected during the expedition 2013-2015 in Trans-Baikal Territory (Kodar Range) and 2015-2016 in Sakha Republic (Yakutia) (Fig. 1). In the laboratory handmade apothecial sections were examined in water with a light microscopes MBS-10 and microscope Zeiss Primo Star. Lichen substances were identified by using the standard technique of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) in solvent systems A and B (Orange et al., 2001). Spot tests were made with 10 % of KOH (K), Ca(ClO) 2 (C) and C 6 H 4 (NH 2 ) 2 (P). For photographs of lichen specimens we used the mi- Micarea assimilata (Nyl.) Coppins ( Fig. 2A). It differs from M. incrassata in whitish thallus, more prominent apothecia, purple-brown hypothecium, K± purple intensifying or (especially above) K± dark green, N± purple-red. M. incrassata is characterized by grayish to gray-brown thallus and dark red-brown, K-, N± bright orange-brown hypothecium without purple tinge.
Revision of previously published records from Bulunskiy district (Makarova, 1989(Makarova, , 1998 showed that the specimens belong to Micarea incrassata Hedl. (Makarova, 1989) and Bilimbia lobulata (Sommerf.) Hafellner et Coppins (Makarova, 1998). This species is given according to only literature data due to the remaining original material was not found.
It was known from Sakha Republic (Yakutia) -Lenskiy district (Poryadina, 2006) as Bacidia cinerea (Schaer.) Trevis. This species is given according to only literature data due to the original material has been lost. Probably the specimens were incorrectly reported.
Chemistry. TLC: gyrophoric acid. Ecology: widely distributed in natural forest communities as well as in agricultural areas and settlements. It occurs on bark, wood and rotten stumps mainly coniferous trees, sometimes on deciduous trees.
Chemistry. TLC was not performed. Ecology: in shady, humid conditions. On the rotten wood, stumps or bark of coniferous trees, on the decaying mosses Smith et al., 2009).
Chemistry: no substances detected by TLC. Ecology: This species prefers shady, humid forest conditions, strictly lignicolous, on rotten wood and stumps.
Chemistry. TLC was not performed. Ecology: This species can be found in tundra and alpine communities on acid soil or decaying mosses.
Protomicarea limosa which may be confused with M. lignaria has a similar Pd+ red thallus, but simple ascospores.
Chemistry. TLC was not performed. Ecology: It prefers (not strictly) tundra and alpine communities, where can be found on soil and mosses and plant debris Smith et al., 2009).
Chemistry. TLC was not performed. Ecology: widely distributed species in the world, in natural communities as well as in agricultural Konoreva L. A. et al. Micarea in Asian Part of Russia. Sakha Republic and Trans-Baikal Territory areas and settlements. It occurs on bark, wood and rotten stumps, on soil and decaying bryophytes and plant debris.
Ecology: It is one of the most common species of the genus, occurs in different forest communities and outside woodland. Usually it grows as epiphyte on bark and lignicolous, on rotten wood.
Chemistry: no substances detected by TLC.
It was mentioned in Trans-Baikal Territory -Kalarskiy district (Makryi, 2002). This species is given according to literature data, specimens were not examined.
Chemistry. No substances detected by TLC. Ecology: This species prefers rotten wood in shaded humid forests conditions. Distribution in the world: Rare species, in Europe it is known from several localities -Poland, Slovakia , Estonia (Suija et al., 2008), Sweden (Thor, Svensson, 2008). M. tomentosa is known from Russia in European part -Republic of Mordovia (Urbanavichene, Urbanavichus, 2017) and